Aciah - tutoriels

♦ innovations : the ‘Heart' key and even better

We want to take the mystery out of computing, simplify computer use and adapt the computer to the needs and abilities of the user, rather than the other way round ! That's our raison d'être.

So we're using the Aciah-Linux system, in which we've set up some ‘magic scripts', and we're continuing along this path as needs are expressed, particularly by the elderly and disabled. Here's where we stand :

Our Aciah-Linux system consists of :

See the Aciah-Linux videos

A few more explanations

Arobase
Close windows with Alt + F4 or simply with F4
Unzip
Attachments
Disable screen reader
Alt + Home to go to the root of the tree,
Alt + F to go to the File menu,
Toggle focus mode / navigation mode
Right-click or context menu

All this is in the latest version, released on 29 décember 2024.

Here are a few ideas.

The Aciah-Linux system

The Aciah-Linux system is based on the Linux-Mint xfce distribution and includes many disability compensation tools. We are gradually adding to it as needs are expressed. It's not for businesses, but for the millions of people who want a simple, intuitive, virus-free system that can keep their computers running for a long time, without having to renew their hardware frequently.

Installing Aciah-Linux

The Aciah-Menu and the Heart Key

The Aciah-Menu is a simplified menu providing quick, permanent access to the most frequently used software. It can be modified at will.

The Aciah-Menu can be opened by pressing the Heart key, which for us is the CTRL_Right key to the right of the Spacebar.

We were able to create this Aciah-Menu using information we found on the Internet. This Aciah-Menu is very easy to use...

Twelve intuitive shortcuts

We've created easy-to-remember shortcuts to the most frequently used programs. The letters used are in lower case,

The menu is launched with the Heart key, which is usually the CTRL_Right key.

Tap the Heart key, lift your finger, then tap the L key to read messages,
Tap the Heart key, lift your finger, then tap the E key to write a message,
Tap the Heart button, lift your finger, then tap the i button to go online.
Tap the Heart key, lift your finger, then tap the u key to go to the locator,
Tap the Heart key, lift your finger, then tap the D key to dictate a text,
Tap the Heart key, lift your finger, then tap the C key to go to the personal folder,
Tap the Heart key, lift your finger, then tap the T key to launch the word processor,
Tap the Heart key, lift your finger, then tap the O key to launch the Orca screen reader,
Tap the Heart key, lift your finger, then tap the R key to repair the screen reader,
Tap the Heart button, lift your finger, then tap the V button to change the volume,
Tap the Heart button, lift your finger, then tap the W button to connect via Wi-Fi.
Tap the Heart key, lift your finger, then tap the Q key to quit and close the computer.

You can do thirteen to the dozen, because you can hear explanations by launching the menu and hitting the x key to get a memento !

Eight magic scripts

Close a window with a single keystroke : F4.
Read and obtain text with a single keystroke : F8,
Uncompress, with a single keystroke : F10
Go to the file menu with the F1 key
Save attachments in the mailbox, using the menu and the key : J.
Launch a scan, using the menu and the key : S,
Save a Libre Office document, using the menu and the key : A
and the TabControl extension for Thunderbird, which lets you quickly return to ‘Incoming Mail'.

The keyboard keys

Without touching the keyboard, but by modifying the programs, we were able to change the way the keyboard keys work.

arobase, as a single key,
A single key to use the insert + s shortcut to deactivate the screen reader.
A single key to switch to focus mode when the screen reader is active.
A single key to mute the sound, because some keyboards don't have this function,
A single key to use the Alt + Home shortcut, which takes you to the root of the tree,
A single key to use the Alt + F shortcut, which takes you to the file menu,
The Point / Semicolon key has been inverted to allow you to make a point without using the Shift key.
The Point key on the numeric keypad always makes a point, even when the numeric keypad is deactivated.

Finally, we've adapted the keyboard to the needs of the visually impaired. And all these changes are reversible, depending on the needs of the user.

Four little icons

Our Aciah-Linux system aims to simplify computer use. That's why we've also created little icons on the desktop for : @ , € , copy and paste. They can be used in touch mode if the screen allows.

Three specific software applications

The Digital4Better company has created three specific software programmes for us :

Cookeys, for learning to type without looking at your fingers
Milkcheque, for writing cheques even if you're blind
Malo, an open-source reading machine for mobile phones

Max created the TabControl extension for Thunderbird for us.
The inventor of ‘Voice to Text' created keyboard shortcuts at our request.
Our community developers, Pierre, JeanYves, Gérard, etc., are constantly working to improve and innovate.

♦ Fiches 10-11 Anglais

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Get a pdf document
Toolbars of tools in Libre-Office Writer
Icon size in Libre Office
Text and title size in Libre Office
Libre Office, change the colors of the interface
Save as

Get a pdf document

There are two possible cases :

1- You have created a document with Libre-Office Writer or Libre-Office-Calc or Libre-Office-Impress
a - Press : ALT + F to go to the file menu.
b - With Down Arrow go to : Export / Export to pdf,
c - Validate with Enter,
d - Give a name,
e - Validate with Enter.
And do not forget to choose the folder in which the document will be stored.

2- You have selected a page on the internet.

a - First switch to reading mode by doing : CTRL + ALT + R
b - Do : ALT + F to go to the file menu.
c - Use Down Arrow to go to : print.
d - Choose : print in a file.
e - Choose the name of the document and the folder where it will be stored (this part is more difficult to do with the keyboard alone).
F - Scroll down until you hear : Print.

Cutting a pdf document

Check that CAJA is displayed in list mode and that pdfsplit is installed

Launch the CAJA manager by doing : WIN + ' (apostrophe).
Down arrow until you hear : Documents. Validate with the Enter key
Arrow Down to the pdf document you want to cut out.
Hit the Menu key on the keyboard or press SHIFT + F10.
This opens a contextual menu. You hear : window.
Go down with Down-Arrow until you hear : scripts-menu.
Right-arrow once, then Down-arrow until you hear : PDFSplit.
Validate with the Space key.

You get as many files as there were pages in the document, file001.pdf, file002.pdf, file003.pdf, etc. in the same folder as the basic document and as the beginning of its name has not changed, it is easy to find.

This only works if the PDFSplit script is placed in /usr/bin with the necessary permissions.

Compress a pdf document

First check that CAJA is displayed in list mode.

– Launch the CAJA manager by doing : WIN + ' (apostrophe).
– Down arrow until you hear : Documents. Validate with the Enter key
– Arrow Down to the pdf document you want to compress.
– Hit the Menu key on the keyboard or SHIFT + F10.
This opens a contextual menu, you hear : window.
– Go down with Down Arrow until you hear : scripts-menu.
– Right-arrow once then Down-arrow until you hear : E-compression-pdf.sh
– Validate with the Enter key.
– Choose the level of optimization with Space Bar and Up or Down Arrow.
– Validate with the Enter key.

You can also find free tools on the internet, for example pdfcompressor
http://pdfcompressor.com/fr/

You can modify a pdf document

Outils Inkscape

1) with the INKSCAPE software, for example :
– Open a pdf file - Validate - enlarge the image by hitting the "plus" key.
– Select a sentence (tool 13) and move this sentence (tool 1).
– Put a red star (tool 8), with a green text inside (tool 13)
– Hide a sentence (tool 5) - Rewrite over it (tool 13)
– Highlight some words (Tool 5)
– Write by hand (tool 12) - Draw freehand (tool 12)
– Draw a segment or Bézier curves (tool 11)
– Fill with a paint can (Tool 16) or with a spray can (Tool 14)
– Draw a spiral (tool 9). Modify the line using the Filters menu
(at the top of the screen)
– Draw a three-dimensional object (tool 6)
– Draw disks (tool 7)

2) Other software : Xournal, Master PDF Editor, PDFMod, Evince.
and, online, PDF Candy

Toolbars in Libre-Office Writer

You can display different toolbars in Libre-Office Writer.
Press : ALT + O to go to the menu : Tools. (or use the mouse)
Press : ALT + P to customize the toolbars, see below.
The customization window allows you to modify the menus, the keyboard shortcuts and the toolbars.

In each toolbar, you can define which icons to put or hide.
You can also move these icons to put the icons you use the most at the beginning of the bar.

When you type a text, to reach the toolbars, you use the F6 key repeatedly. The first time you press the F6 key, you reach the menu : File.
The other times we press F6 we reach the different toolbars.

We move around each toolbar with the Right-Arrow or Left-Arrow keys.

Size of menus and icons in Libre Office

1) Launch Libre Office in the usual way
2) Press ALT + O to go to the menu : Tools. You hear : Tools.
3) Down arrow until you hear : Options
4) Validate with Enter.
to the line : Libre Office
5) To open this line, do : CTRL + Right Arrow.
6) Then go down with Down Arrow until you hear : Display.
7) TABulate, we arrive at a choice of the size of the icons : automatic, small, large.

Menu-affichage

The choice is made with Arrow Down or Arrow Up.
8) Finally, Tabulate to the button : OK

Text and title size in Libre Office

1) Launch Libre Office in the usual way
2) Press ALT + O to go to the menu : Tools. You hear : Tools.
3) Down arrow until you hear : Options
4) Validate with Enter and go down to the line : Libre Office Writer.

5) To open this line do : CTRL + Right Arrow.
6) Then go down with Down Arrow until you hear : Standard fonts (Western)
7) Validate with Enter

LO-Choix des polices

8) Choose the default font : for example Carlito 10.
It will be used automatically as the body text.
9) Choose the font for the title : for example Verdana 28.
It will be used automatically for the titles and subtitles.
10) Validate by clicking on the button : OK

Libre Office, change the colors of the interface

1) Launch Libre Office in the usual way.
2) Press ALT + O to go to the menu : Tools. You hear : Tools.
3) Down arrow until you hear : Options.
4) Validate with Enter. We arrive at the line : Libre Office.
5) To open this line do :
CTRL + Right Arrow.

6) Then go down with Down Arrow
until you hear : colors of the interface.

Couleurs de l'interface

7) Choose the background color, for example : black.
8) Choose the font color, for example : white.
9) Validate with Enter.

Save as

If you have entered a text, you probably want to save it for future reference. To do this, you need to save it as, for example : save as Documents-Invoices, if the folder Invoices already exists in the folder Documents. Here is a procedure :

– Launch LibreOffice Writer
Type a part of your text, only a part.
– Press ALT + F you hear : File-Menu .
– With Down Arrow go down until you hear : Save as.
– Hit the Enter key. A window opens, you hear : Name : No Name. Enter the name you want to give to your text. Do not validate !

– Tab once, you hear : two-state button not pressed.
Then do : Space bar, you hear : pressed

Enregistrer-sous

– With Down Arrow you hear : save in folder.
Then go down to the desired folder
Open this folder with Enter
– Confirm with Enter - or go down to a sub-folder if you wish.

– The text you are working on is still open, you can continue typing.
While typing, often save your work by pressing CTRL + S
This operation saves the text, as you go along, where you have chosen.
Here in : Documents-Invoices. (for example).

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♦ Fiches 16-17-18 - Anglais

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Mousepad
Florence virtual keyboard
Calculator
Updating with Synaptic
Update with the Terminal
Grub, Clonezilla
Hidden folders and files
List obtained with the Terminal
The most classic ones

Mousepad

To launch Mousepad do : SHIFT + WIN + F1, type the word Mouse, validate with Enter.
To save a text written in Mousepad, do : CTRL + S.

To reread what you have written in Mousepad, go back to the beginning with : CTRL + Origin.

If you do nothing, ORCA rereads all the text.
If you do : CTRL + Right Arrow, ORCA rereads word by word.
If you do : Right-Arrow, ORCA rereads letter by letter.

To delete a word do : CTRL + Backspace or CTRL + Delete.

Close Mousepad with ALT + F4.

Search for a word with : CTRL + F. Search and replace a word with : CTRL + R.

To display the Menu Bar : when Mousepad is launched, press : SHIFT + F10,
then scroll down to Menu Bar and validate with Space.

To change the interface, when Mousepad is launched and the Menu Bar is displayed.
You can press : ALT + A which allows you to :

select the font (type and size).
select the color - the dark colors are Cobalt and Oblivion.
to check the numbering of the lines.

Florence virtual keyboard

There is a virtual keyboard 'Florence'. To activate it do :

SHIFT + WIN + F1 - You will hear : Whisker menu
Enter the word : florence or simply : flor
Validate with the Enter key of the keyboard. The virtual keyboard is launched.

Clavier Florence

Florence can be used with four different input methods.

Each method has its advantages and disadvantages.

It is up to you to select the right method for your use.

For the user's guide see the dedicated site :
http://florence.sourceforge.net/francais/index.html
To close Florence, press : CTRL + Minimize key.

Calculator

To launch the calculator, press : SHIFT + WIN + F1 . You will hear : Whisker menu.
Type the word : calculator or simply the word : Calculate.
Validate with the Enter key, that's it, the calculator is launched.

If the calculator is launched and if ORCA is active, you can type a number, ORCA will say all the digits.

for addition use the PLUS key on the numeric keypad.
for subtraction use the TIRET key on the numeric keypad.
for multiplication use the ASTERISK key on the numeric keypad.
for division use the OBLIQUE BAR on the numeric keypad.

To obtain the result, press the Enter key on the main keypad. ORCA reads the result.

If you need to calculate a square, use CTRL + 2.
For example : 16 CTRL+2 then Enter gives 256. You can also do : 16**2

If you need a square root, use : CTRL + R.
For example : CTRL + R 144 then Enter gives 12.

To get the number 'pi' you have to do : CTRL + P.

When you say CTRL + 2, you have to press, simultaneously, the CTRL key and the 2
of the numeric keypad. Same thing for CTRL + R and CTRL + P.

Updating with Synaptic

The most secure update is the one that uses Synaptic.

Press SHIFT + WIN + F1 then enter the word : Synaptic . And validate
You will be asked for the computer's password.
Write it down and validate with Enter.
Do : CTRL + R ,
to update the deposits. (it is the equivalent of sudo apt update).
Then CTRL + G
to select all the updates to do.
Then Space Bar to validate : Add to the selection.
Then CTRL + P
to apply the changes, i.e. start the process.
and finally Spacebar to : Apply the changes.
Once the changes are applied, close with ALT + F4 twice.

Update with the Terminal

Do : WIN + T
to launch the terminal, you hear : Terminal-framework.
Type : sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade
Hit the ENTER key on the keyboard.
You will be asked for the computer's password,
write it down and hit the ENTER key on the keyboard.
Leave it until the reader has finished talking.
At this point, close with ALT + F4.

Note : - If there are any errors, the Terminal indicates this with a sentence that begins with : E
In this case, copy the sentence and ask us a question.

Grub, boot, clonezilla

The GRUB ("GRand Unified Bootloader") is the computer's boot program.
If you do nothing, the system will continue to run.

If you use Down-Arrow or Up-Arrow you can
can navigate through the lines and
reach the line : Clonezilla.

Clonezilla
If we go down to the line Clonezilla, we validate with Enter.
This way we launch the software that allows us to clone the Aciah-Linux key on another key, to save the Aciah-Linux key on the hard disk, or to restore an image from its storage point.

When we launch Clonezilla, we see this :

Clonezilla-1

and then this :

Clonezilla-2

You have to follow all the indications

Hidden folders and files

Definition and display

Hidden items are items that are generally not visible when the user displays the contents of a folder. This possibility to hide items allows to protect files from involuntary manipulations and to lighten the display of the folders in which they are stored.

Hidden items can be recognized by the dot preceding their name.
A file named '.test' will therefore be recognized by the system as a hidden file whereas a file named 'test' will not.

Show hidden files

Most of the file managers have a check box located in the 'View' menu. This box is often named : Show hidden files.

Launch Thunar by doing : WIN + é
CTRL + H to display the hidden items.

Launch Caja by doing : WIN + apostrophe
do CTRL + H to display the hidden elements.

Hidden folders and files, list with the Terminal

Launch a terminal by doing : WIN + T
The ls command lists the unhidden items in the current folder
The command ls -a displays all the items, including hidden items. The -a stands for 'all', which means : all
The command ls -d .* displays only the hidden files and folders.
The command ls -d .*/ shows only hidden folders.

Finding hidden folders and files
In Aciah-Linux, click on 'File system' - and there, click on home. Then on the user name. By doing : CTRL + H you can see the hidden files corresponding to the configuration folders of each program.

For example : .mozilla , .thunderbird , .gimp etc. (well to see that there is a point)

Hidden folders and files, the most classic ones

In filesystem/home/user, you will find :
.mozilla folder
There you will find the Firefox folder, which contains the user profile,
like : 35fo45yt.default
If you change your computer, copy the file 35fo45yt.defaut
and paste it into the .mozilla folder on the other computer
This way you will get all your bookmarks back.

.thunderbird folder
In this folder you will find the user profile, such as : 1h23dg6s.default
If you change your computer, copy this file 1h23dg6s.defaut
and paste it in the .thunderbird folder of the other computer
This way you will recover all your messages, subfolders, addresses, etc.

In file system/usr/share/fonts/truetype :

This is where you have to put a new font
if you have found one to your taste.

In file system/home/user/.wine/drive_c :

Here you can find the virtual disk of the programs launched by Wine,
that is to say software specific to Windows.

In file system/home/user/.config :
You can find the configuration files of many programs.

♦ Fiches 8-9 - Anglais

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The zoom magnifying glass
Thunar : customized actions
Thunar : create a folder - delete a folder or file
Thunar - rename folder or file
Thunar - Basket

Magnifier

Virtual Magnifying Glass is an easy-to-use and fully customizable virtual magnifier. The software is available for free on Linux, MacOS and Windows operating systems. Once launched, the magnifying glass can be moved simply with your mouse.

Installation :

the package is available in the Linux-Mint repositories.
launch a terminal with Win + T,
write : sudo apt install vmg
let the installation proceed.
The application is discreetly placed in your taskbar and remains permanently accessible : a simple right click on its icon allows you to modify the configurations of the magnifying glass :
the language : click on Translations to have English
width, height,
enlargement, up to 16 times.
a border or not.
the inversion of the colors, or not.

When the magnifying glass is active :

by pressing the B key, the border appears
by holding down the CTRL key and rolling the mouse wheel, you can change the magnification,
by pressing the right arrow key, you can enlarge the field of the magnifying glass,
the same with the down arrow.
With the directional arrows you can read the text under the magnifying glass,
with the Q key you can exit the magnifier.

Shortcuts

You can create a shortcut for the magnifying glass, for example : CTRL + Alt + E or : CTRL + Space

Thunar : custom actions

Thunar is a file manager, unfortunately not well vocalized. It has a very interesting tool : custom actions, obtained by right-clicking on a file.

– if it is a sound file, you can convert it into mp3 or ogg.
– if it is an image file, you can :
convert it to jpg, png or gif,
resize it,
rotate the image to the right or left,
print,
The original file is kept,
The modified file is saved next to the first one.

– For those who want to use the keyboard, here is the method :
– launch Thunar with : Win + é
– select the desired file,
– press MENU or SHIFT + F10,
– with Arrow-down, go down to : modify the image,
– press the ENTER key,
– go down with Arrow-Down until you hear, for example : convert to png
and check this line with Spacebar
– validate with ALT + V ,

Thunar : create - delete

Create a sub-folder in an existing folder :

1 - Launch Thunar by doing : WIN + é .
2 - With Down Arrow, go down to the existing folder and validate with Enter.
3 - Click on the word : File or do : ALT + F and validate with Enter.
4 - With Down Arrow, go down to the line : creation of a folder.
5 - Validate with Enter.
6 - You are asked for the name of the new folder.
Enter the name of the new folder and validate with Enter.
That's it, the sub-folder is created.

Delete a folder or a file :

1 - Launch Thunar by doing : WIN + é .
2 - With Down Arrow, go down to the folder or the file to delete.
3 - Hit the DELETE key on the keyboard.
4 - Then the deleted item is moved to the Trash.

5 - If you made a mistake, you can go to the Trash, right-click (or SHIFT + F10) on the item deleted by mistake, and choose : Restore.

Thunar - rename a folder or a file

1- Press : WIN + é to launch Thunar.
2 - Go to the folder or file you want to rename. Do not validate !
3 - Right-click or SHIFT + F10 on this folder or on this file
then a list of tasks is displayed.
4 - Go down with Down Arrow until you hear : Rename.
5 - Validate with Enter. A window opens.
Enter the new name.
6 - Tab to choose Cancel or Rename.
7 - The file is renamed, it is placed among the other files in alphabetical order.

CAUTION : avoid accented letters
Avoid spaces, replace them with a dash 6 or 8.

You can also rename a folder or a file by pressing the F2 key

Thunar - Trash - trash can

A - Empty the recycle garbage can.

1 - Launch Thunar with : WIN + é
then do : ALT + L to reach the menu : Go.
2 - With Down Arrow go to : Trash. Validate with Enter.
3 - With SHIFT + F10, a list of tasks is displayed.
4 - With Down Arrow go to : Empty Trash. Validate with Enter.
5 - A warning is displayed. Scroll down until you hear : Cancel or Empty Trash.
6 - Validate with Enter.

B - Restore or delete an item from the Recycle Bin

1 - Launch Thunar with : WIN + é then do : ALT + L to reach the menu : Go.
2 - With Down Arrow go to : Trash. Validate with Enter.
3 - With Down Arrow go down on the name of a folder or a file. Do not validate !
4 - With SHIFT + F10, a list of tasks is displayed.
5 - With Down Arrow go down until you hear : Delete or Restore.
If you delete, it is definitive
If you restore, the document returns to its original place
6 - Validate with Enter.

Thunar : custom actions

Thunar is a file manager, unfortunately not well vocalized. It has a very interesting tool : custom actions, obtained by right-clicking on a file.

For example, if the imagemodify script is installed in the /usr/bin folder with the necessary permissions

if we make a contextual menu on an image file, we can : convert it into jpg, png or gif,
resize it,
rotate the image to the right or left,
print,
The initial file is kept,
The modified file is saved next to the first one.

Thunar : create - delete

Create a sub-folder in an existing folder :

Delete a folder or a file :

1 - Launch Thunar by doing : WIN + é .
2 - With Down Arrow, go down to the folder or the file to delete.
3 - Hit the DELETE key on the keyboard.
4 - Then the deleted item is moved to the Trash.

5 - If you made a mistake, you can go to the Trash, right-click (or SHIFT + F10) on the item deleted by mistake, and choose : Restore

Thunar - rename a folder or a file

1- Press : WIN + é to launch Thunar.
2 - Go to the folder or file you want to rename. Do not validate !
3 - Right-click or SHIFT + F10 on this folder or on this file then a list of tasks is displayed.
4 - Go down with Down Arrow until you hear : Rename.
5 - Validate with Enter. A window opens.
Enter the new name.
6 - Tab to choose Cancel or Rename.
7 - The file is renamed, it is placed among the other files in alphabetical order.

CAUTION : avoid accented letters
Avoid spaces, replace them with a dash 6 or 8.
You can also rename a folder or a file by pressing the F2 key

Thunar - Trash

A - Empty the recycle garbage can.

1 - Launch Thunar with : WIN + é then do : ALT + L to reach the menu : Go.
2 - With Down Arrow go to : Trash. Validate with Enter.
3 - With SHIFT + F10, a list of tasks is displayed.
4 - With Down Arrow go to : Empty Trash. Validate with Enter.
5 - A warning is displayed. Scroll down until you hear : Cancel or Empty Trash.
6 - Validate with Enter.

B - Restore or delete an item from the Recycle Bin

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♦ Fiches 12-13 - Anglais

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ORCA screen reader, discovery
ORCA, read on the internet
ORCA, read a txt document
ORCA, read an odt document
Transform an .odt document into a .txt document
Read a pdf document with Evince and F7
Reading a web page in read or text mode
Flow, pitch, voice volume Orca
Reading speed
Orca and cursor navigation
Espeak voice adjustment

ORCA, reading a txt document

Check that ORCA is launched (just press a key on the keyboard).
If it is not launched, press : CTRL + SHIFT + O but do not do it repeatedly.
Check that the speaker is active.
For a successful reading, respect the procedure below.

First, open the Mousepad software.
1 - Launch : WIN + R to open the list of applications and type : mousepad.
2 - Validate with Enter.
3 - Do : ALT + F to get to the menu : File
4 - With Down Arrow, go down to the line : 'Open'. Validate with Enter.
5 - Navigate in the folders and files until you find the document you are looking for.
6 - Validate with Enter.
7 - Disable the numeric keypad and hit the Plus key on the numeric keypad.

Stop reading with : CTRL - Resume reading with : PLUS

Go up in the text with : Up arrow, ORCA reads the line.
Go down in the text with : Arrow Down , ORCA reads the line.

Increase the reading rate : INSERT + CTRL + 6 of the disabled numeric keypad.
Decrease the reading rate : INSERT + CTRL + 3 of the disabled numeric keypad.
Search in the text : CTRL + F

ORCA, reading on the internet

Check that ORCA is launched (just press a key on the keyboard).
If it is not launched, press : CTRL + SHIFT + O but do not do it repeatedly.
Check that the speaker is active.

First switch to reading mode, if possible, by doing :
CTRL + ALT + R and Tab once

To read with ORCA :
- disable the numeric keypad (you hear : Num Lock Off).
- press the PLUS key once on the disabled keypad.

Stop reading with : CTRL - Resume reading with : PLUS

Move up in the text with : Up Arrow, ORCA reads the line
Go down in the text with : Arrow Down, ORCA reads the line

Increase the reading rate : INSERT + CTRL + 9 of the disabled numeric keypad.
Decrease the reading rate : INSERT + CTRL + 3 from the disabled numeric keypad.

Search in the text : F3

ORCA, reading a txt document

First, open the Mousepad software.
1 - Launch : WIN + R to open the list of applications and type : mousepad.
2 - Validate with Enter.
3 - Do : ALT + F to get to the menu : File
4 - With Down Arrow, go down to the line : 'Open'. Validate with Enter.
5 - Navigate in the folders and files until you hear the document you are looking for.
6 - Validate with Enter.
7 - Disable the numeric keypad and hit the Plus key of the numeric keypad.

Stop the reading with : CTRL - Resume reading with : PLUS

Go up in the text with : Up arrow, ORCA reads the line.
Go down in the text with : Arrow Down , ORCA reads the line.

Increase the reading rate : INSERT + CTRL + 9 of the disabled numeric keypad.
Decrease the reading rate : INSERT + CTRL + 3 of the disabled numeric keypad.

ORCA, reading an odt document

1 - First, you have to launch LibreOffice Writer by doing : WIN + ALT + Ampersand
2 - Do : ALT + F to reach the menu : File
3 - With Down Arrow, go down to the line : 'Open'. Validate with Enter.
4 - Go to the desired document. Validate with Enter
5 - Deactivate the numeric keypad and press the Plus key on the numeric keypad.

Stop reading with : CTRL - Resume reading with : PLUS

Go up in the text with : Up Arrow, ORCA reads the line
Go down in the text with : Arrow Down, ORCA reads the line

Increase the reading rate : INSERT + CTRL + 9 of the disabled numeric keypad.
Decrease reading rate : INSERT + CTRL + 3 of the disabled numeric keypad.
Search in the text : CTRL + F

Note for reading with Libre-Office Writer, the Orca screen reader gets tired and stops. That is why it is better to read texts in .txt format

Transform an .odt document into a .txt document

open the document if it is in .doc or .docx
select all the text by doing : CTRL + A
copy all the text by doing CTRL + C
open mousepad and do : CTRL + V
save in txt format
then Orca can read all the text.

Read a pdf document with Evince and F7

This is only possible if it is a real text pdf and not an image pdf
First, ORCA must be active

1) Open a pdf document with Evince - that is :
right-click (or SHIFT + F10) on the document and choose : open with Evince
2) Press the F7 key. The cursor navigation starts. You can see this by pressing the key : Right Arrow because you can see that the cursor moves from letter to letter.

3) The cursor is placed at the beginning of the first word of the page. (otherwise do : CTRL + Origin)
Wait a while because ORCA does not start immediately.
When ORCA is started :
By doing : Right-Arrow repeatedly, you can read letter by letter.
By doing : CTRL + Right-Arrow repeatedly, you can read word by word and even the whole text.

4) if this reading is not possible, for example for a pdf-image, it is necessary to pass by the reading machine.

Read a web page with read or text mode

This works with the Firefox browser

1) Reading mode
- launch the ORCA screen reader, then launch a website and an article page.
- do : CTRL + ALT + R
- Disable the numeric keypad and press the PLUS key then ORCA reads the text.
- you can read word by word with : CTRL + Right or Left Arrow.
- you can read letter by letter with : Right or Left Arrow.
- to go back to the original page, press : ALT + Left Arrow.

2) Texting. To use this method, you must first have installed the extension : Textise.
- launch the ORCA screen reader, then launch a website.
- press : ALT + M to go to the menu : bookmarks
- go down with Down Arrow to the line : Textise. Validate with Enter.
- Disable the numeric keypad and press the PLUS key. ORCA reads the text.
- You can read word by word with : CTRL + Right or Left Arrow.
- you can read letter by letter with : Right or Left Arrow.
- to go back to the original page, press : ALT + Left Arrow.

ORCA, flow, height, volume

Aciah-Linux uses two tools, Espeak and Orca. Sometimes they talk together. In this case, to mute a voice, hit the CTRL key.

When Orca is active, press Insert + Space to go to Orca preferences.
Then Right-Arrow to go to the tab : Voices

1 - Tab to : Rate.
Increase the rate with Right-Arrow. Decrease the rate with Left-Arrow.
Validate with Space.

2 - Tab to : Pitch.
Higher voice with Arrow-Right. Lower voice with Arrow-Left.
Validate with Space

3 - Tab to : Volume.
Louder with Arrow-Right. Lower with Arrow-Left.
Validate with Space

At the end, scroll down until you hear : Apply-button. Validate with Space
Tab again until you hear : Apply-button. Confirm with Space.

Playback speed

You can change the Espeak voice rate, and the Orca voice rate. Or you can make a specific modification.

Espeak voice rate : press CTRL + WIN + ALT + E

Choose with Right-Arrow or Left-Arrow.
Validate the choice with Space.
Tabulate until you hear : validate-button. And hit the Space Bar.

When Orca is active : Do Insert + Space to go to Orca preferences.

Then Right-Arrow to go to the tab : Voice
Tab to : Rate.
Increase the flow with Right-Arrow. Decrease with Left-Arrow.
Validate with Space.
At the end, Tab until you hear : Apply-button. Validate with Space
Tab again until you hear : Apply-button. Confirm with Space.

Change the rhythm of the playback :

Increase the rhythm with :INSERT + CTRL + 6 of the disabled numeric keypad.
Decrease the rhythm : INSERT + CTRL + 3 from the disabled numeric keypad.

Orca, cursor navigation

Cursor navigation is a navigation mode using the keyboard. It can be used with Firefox, Thunderbird and Libre Office. It sometimes uses the F7 key.

CTRL + Right-Arrow reads word by word - ORCA reads all words.
Right-Arrow reads letter by letter. ORCA reads all the letters.
You can also use - CTRL + Left-Arrow or Left-Arrow only.
With Firefox - it is better to read a simple article :
put the article in read mode by doing : CTRL + ALT + R

With Thunderbird :
You can use the cursor navigation to read a received message,
or to reread a message you have just written.

With Libre-Office :
You can use the cursor navigation to read an existing text,
or to reread a text you have just written.

With Evince and a pdf-text : you have to hit the F7 key first.
You can use the cursor navigation to read an existing text,
but you have to be patient : Orca takes time to analyze the page before starting.

Espeak, voice adjustment

Aciah-Linux uses two tools, Espeak and Orca. Sometimes they talk together. In this case, to cut a voice, press the CTRL key.

Setting the Espeak voice : Do : CTRL + WIN + ALT + E .
You hear : global configuration of the Espeak voice synthesis.
The tool guides you step by step. There you can set :

1 - Set the gender of the voice : male or female.
Choose with Arrow-Down or Arrow-Up. Validate the choice with Space.
Tabulate until you hear : validate-button. And hit the Space Bar.

2 - Set the voice rate : faster or slower.
Choose with Right-Arrow or Left-Arrow. Validate the choice with Space.
Tabulate until you hear : validate-button. And hit the Space Bar.

réglage voix espeak

3 - Adjust the pitch of the voice : higher or lower.
Choose with Right-Arrow or Left-Arrow. Validate the choice with Space.
Tabulate until you hear : validate-button. And hit the Space Bar.

Set the speed temporarily :
Increase the rhythm : INSERT + CTRL + 6 of the disabled numeric keypad.
Decrease the rhythm : INSERT + CTRL + 3 of the disabled numeric keypad.

Previous page - Next page

♦ Fiche 1 - Anglais, start, menu, passwd

The desktop under Aciah-Linux
The Aciah-Menu
Very first start
The Menus
Magic words
Main actions
Change the password
My computer speaks
Keys to know
Stop and restart

The panel under Aciah-Linux

The Panel, also called "taskbar" or "dashboard" is located at the top of the screen, or at the bottom, depending on your choice.

This panel or "taskbar" has icons : You can find :

Weather, time, speaker.
Indication of the network connection
Icon for accessing the Whisker menu
Internet access icon
and others at the user's choice and also :
shortcuts to open windows
You can navigate from one window to another by using the mouse. Alternatively, you can hold down the ALT key and press the TAB key until you reach the desired window.

You can close all the windows at once by doing : CTRL + SHIFT + X.

A "Logout Menu" button : here you can turn off the computer, restart it, put it in standby mode, etc.
You can reach the disconnection menu by doing : WIN + Q-

Dashboard Size :

Right-click on the dashboard, choose : Dashboard preferences
And there choose the size of a line, which conditions the size of the icons placed on this dashboard.

Minimized windows :

When you minimize a window, it is placed on the dashboard. You can move from one window to another by doing : CTRL + ALT + TAB. To restore the window, simply confirm with : Enter.

The desktop itself :

On this area, you can have Launchers, that is to say, clickable graphical Objects that generally allow you to launch an associated application. There are :
Icons if you have placed them
The wallpaper, application windows or other dialog boxes.

This desktop is voluntarily very bare because the Aciah-Menu allows you to launch basic applications, faster and more safely than by using icons. Remember, the Aciah-Menu is launched with :Alt + AltGr or WIN + M or CTRL + Alt + M.

The Aciah-Menu

You can open the Aciah-Menu by doing : ALT + AltGr
or CTRL + Alt + M .
or Win + M

You can move from one line to another by using Down-Arrow or Up-Arrow.

When you are on a line, you just have to hit the "Enter" key on the keyboard or the Space Bar and this opens the application. And this closes the Aciah-Menu.

The Aciah-Menu is customizable according to the user's wishes. You can add or remove lines, you can enlarge the characters.

The Aciah-Menu can be restarted at any time, which allows to open several applications at the same time. A similar menu can be adapted to Windows.

Very first start

1 - Insert the bootable key, in the switched off computer.
2 - Start the computer and possibly modify the BIOS so that the computer starts on the key.
3 - Start on the key, the temporary password is : aciah
4 - Change the password.
For that, launch the Terminal by doing WIN + T then type the word : passwd -
and follow the instructions.
Do not forget to write down the password so that you can find it again.
5 - See the connection to the Internet. To do this, press CTRL + 9 on the activated numeric keypad.
With an eternet cable, no problem. For the WIFI there will be codes to enter.
6 - Read the documentation on the website or on the files.
7 - Configure the messaging system. To do this, launch Thunderbird and click on
Edit/Settings/Account Management/Create an email account
8 - Install the printer.

The menus

1 - For the whole distribution, there are two main types of menus.

– the Aciah-Menu . You can access it with : Alt + Alt Gr or WIN + M or CTRL + Alt + M.
– the Whisker menu which is accessed with : SHIFT + WIN + F1 .

2 - Specialized menus

Window menu : ALT + Space when a window is open.
Contextual menu : SHIFT + F10
Disconnection menu : WIN + Q
Network connection mode menu : CTRL + 9 of the activated numeric keypad

Magic words

Focus : it is the indication of the element on which you are.

Menu : it opens many possibilities. Then hit Right-Arrow once, then navigate in the list with Down Arrow.

Button : indicates an action to do. You can validate by using the Spacebar
or : ALT + V.

Entry zone : you arrive on a line where you can enter text.
If you hear : Focus mode, you can start writing immediately.
To get the focus you have to do sometimes : Insert + A

Link : you arrive on a line that refers to another element. Confirm with the ENTER key or : ALT + V. Sometimes you can use the space bar
or : the slash of the disabled numeric keypad.

Combined box : this is both a text box and a drop-down list.
Choose one of the elements of the box by pressing the Up or Down Arrow keys.
Validate with the space bar.

Mode : there are two ways, the focus mode which allows to write and the navigation mode.
You can switch from one to the other by doing : Insert + A

Main actions

Validate : To validate is to accept a choice. You can validate by using the ENTER key or : ALT + V.
Sometimes you can use the space bar.

Tab : Tabbing is moving the focus by using the TAB key.
When you hit the tab key, you hear : Tab.
To go back, press : SHIFT + TAB

Clicking : is selecting an item with the left mouse button.
Double-clicking is to make two very quick clicks. For people with stiff fingers, it is possible to do CLICK + ENTER.

Right-click allows you to open a contextual menu when you are on an item. But if you are blind, you can use SHIFT + F10, or use the slash or the asterisk on the disabled numeric keypad.

Check : make a choice between several possibilities. The user can check/uncheck a box by clicking on it, or with the Space key.

Exit : To exit, press : ALT + F4 (even if you have no visual difficulties) or use the procedures specific to each application.

Changing the password

The change is done using the Terminal.
1 - Open a terminal by doing : WIN + T.
2 - Enter the word : passwd .
And hit the Enter key.
3 - You are asked the : Word
UNIX password (current).
Enter the current password.
You don't see anything : it's normal.
And validate with the Enter key.

4 - You are asked : Enter the new UNIX password.
5 - Enter then the password that you wish and hit the Enter key.
6 - You are asked : Enter the new UNIX password again.
7 - Enter then, again, the password you wish and hit the Enter key.

8 - If all went well, the terminal indicates : passwd : the password has been updated successfully. Make a note of this password somewhere.

My computer speaks

When the eye cannot see, the voice helps.
With Aciah-Linux, the ORCA software vocalizes many operations.

You can start or stop ORCA by doing : CTRL + SHIFT + O.
But do not do it repeatedly because the system is fragile. It is better to play with the volume of the speakers if necessary.

You can activate/deactivate ORCA momentarily by doing : INSERT + S.
If you hear a long description, or if you hear two voices, press the CTRL key.

If ORCA is active :
– the keyboard keys are sounded.
We check by hitting the keys as soon as Aciah-Linux is launched
– ORCA reads sentences, words, letters, numbers and figures.

You can adjust the speed, volume and pitch of Orca's voice. The adjustment tools are available by doing : INSERT + Space and going to the Voice tab

ORCA reads everything it sees, using other tools like Espeak and Mbrola.

Sometimes Orca is silent - You can fix it by doing : CTRL + SHIFT + W

Stop and Restart

To stop or restart, first do : WIN + Q or : CTRL + SHIFT + Delete
You arrive at the logout button
Tab twice to hear : turn off-button
Validate with Enter.

Wait for the computer to be turned off if you have USB keys to remove.

If you need to cancel, press : ALT + N

Eteindre

You should never, except in exceptional cases, turn off the computer by pressing the button used to start the computer.

Keys to know

Remember, it is strongly recommended to have an external keyboard. You will need the following keys :
F4 - at the top, above the main pad. When you hit it you hear : F 4.
C T R L to the left of the main keypad, the first one down.
When you hit it you hear : left control.
C T R L_D - to the right of the main keypad, the first one down.
When you hit it you hear : right control.

SHIFT - to the left of the main pad, the second from the bottom. It is also called MAJ

When you hit it you hear : left shift.
TAB - to the left of the main keypad, the fourth from the bottom.
When you hit it you hear : tab.
ALT - at the bottom of the main pad, the first one to the left of the space bar.
When you hit it, you hear : Alt left.
WIN - it's the second key at the bottom left of the main keyboard.
When you hit it you don't hear anything.

Enter - on the right edge of the main pad. It is the third key from the bottom right corner of the main keyboard. It is recognizable by its non-rectangular shape, because it is the only one. When you hit it you hear : Enter.

The Enter key is often used to validate, or to say : OK.

We also use a lot : the NUMBER LOCK key, the PLUS key of the numeric keypad, the Alt Gr key, the Enter key of the numeric keypad and the Space Bar key.

♦ Fiches 14 -15 Anglais

Previous - Next

Thunderbird, set up an email account
Thunderbird, launch, stop
Thunderbird, read the messages
Thunderbird, write a message
Read the attachments
Thunderbird, answer, transfer
Thunderbird, main shortcuts
Thunderbird, change color

Thunderbird, setting up an email account

1 - Launch Thunderbird, the email software.
2 - Do : ALT + N, you hear : Edit-Menu.
3 - With Down Arrow, go down until you hear : account settings.
4 - Validate with Enter.
5 - Tab down until you hear : account management.
6 - Open this tool by hitting the Space key.
7 - With Down Arrow, go to hear : add an e-mail account.
8 - Validate with Enter.

9 - You hear : your full name, input field.
Write then what you want.
10 - Tab, you hear : e-mail address, input field.
Write then your e-mail address.
11 - Tab, you hear : password, password field.
Write your password but you will only hear : chip.
12 - Tab until you hear : continue-button.
13 - Tab to choose IMAP or POP.
It is better to choose POP, the choice is made with Right-Arrow.
14 - Tab until you hear : Done-button.

Thunderbird, launch, stop

How to launch Thunderbird , email program :

1 - With the Whisker menu :
Launch the whisker menu by doing SHIFT + WIN + F1 ,
Type the letters thunderbird , Validate with Enter.
You are then directly in the list of messages.

2 - With the simple menu :
Do : ALT + AltGr or WIN + M and go down on the line "Read messages".
You are then directly in the list of messages.

Messaging, reading messages

When you open Thunderbird, you go directly to the list of messages.
Hit the F key to go to the first message (or the following ones).
You hear the subject of this message and "tree 1".
Hit the ENTER key on the keyboard to open this message.
You hear a whole description that you can cut by hitting the left CTRL key
Go down line by line with the Down Arrow
then the computer reads the first line of the message and the following lines
or : hit the PLUS key on the disabled numeric keypad,
then the computer reads the whole message.

Press the F key again to go to the next message title.

Each e-mail address creates an account. The account has folders : incoming mail, drafts, sent, junk, trash etc.

If you are in an account, reading a message, close it with : CTRL + W.
press the F6 key.
then navigate in the tree with Down Arrow or Up Arrow.
go back to the list of messages by pressing the F key

Check that you are in the folder : "Incoming mail".
Then press the F key to reach the first message
Open this message with Enter
When you have finished reading this message, go to the next one by hitting the F key
The new message is now open, ready to be read.
When you have finished reading this message, go to the next one by pressing the F key
The new message is now open and ready to read.

To quit Thunderbird, press : Alt + F4 .

Messaging, write a message

when the mailbox is open, to create a new message, you just have to do : CTRL + N. You hear : write-menu.
If you have only one e-mail account, your address is noted as the sender. You can check by pressing ALT + e
If you have several accounts, scroll down with Down Arrow until you hear the address you want to use. Validate with Enter.

Tab once, you are on the input field, FOR, that of the recipient's address
When you have finished writing this address, press CTRL + Origin and ORCA reads the written address again. Press Enter to enter a new recipient address.
Or, type the first letter of the address and, with Down Arrow, choose among those
those proposed. Confirm with Enter.

Press Tab once to move to the next field, the subject of the message.
Type a few words and then press CTRL + Origin to read the subject of the message again.

Tap once more to move to the next area, the message text area.
– Write what you want, go to the next line using the Enter key. Then press CTRL + Origin and ORCA will reread the text of your message.
Press CTRL + Right-Arrow to read back word by word,
CTRL + Backspace or CTRL + Delete to delete a word.

Send your message by pressing Ctrl + Enter.

Thunderbird, attachments

Know if there are attachments - and open them.
If there are attachments, the ORCA reader says : 'with attachments'.

To reach these attachments : go to the tab 'messages' by doing : ALT + M .
You will hear : messages-menu.
Go down with the Down Arrow until you hear : attachments menu
Right arrow once, then, Down arrow to choose : open all
Validate with Enter and TAB until you hear OK-Button. Validate with Enter.
Close the message with : CTRL + W
Close the message with : CTRL + Q

Find out if there are any attachments - and save them.
Same as above but at the end :
Right-arrow once, then Down-arrow to choose : save all
For ease of use, it is better to save to the desktop and then move.
So, do Alt + Origin to come to the root of the tree
and hit the vertical arrows until you hear : desktop. And do : Enter twice.
Then the attachments are on the desktop.

Add attachments to a message.
– Do : ALT + F to go to the File menu and then Down Arrow to : attach-menu.
– With Right Arrow you hear : Files. Validate with Enter.
– You arrive in the tree structure, navigate to the desired document.
– When you have found it, validate with Enter. TRL + Enter. (see other sheet for attachments)

Thunderbird, reply, forward

Launch Thunderbird, email program, and open a message.

With ALT + M you can reach : Messages-menu.
With Down Arrow you can choose :
new message, reply, reply to all, reply to list, forward
If we choose : Reply, we don't need to copy the addresses.

Attach a document :

Press ALT + F to go to the File menu,
With Down Arrow, go down to : attach.

Acknowledgement of receipt :

ALT + O to go to the menu : Options,
With Down Arrow, scroll down to : acknowledgement of receipt.

Messaging, main shortcuts

New message : CTRL + N
Next message : F
Previous message : B
Print : CTRL + P
Reply : CTRL + R
Forward : CTRL + L
Delete the message : DELETE
Close : CTRL + W
Quit : CTRL + Q

Search : CTRL + K
File menu : ALT + F
Edit menu : ALT + N
Messages menu : ALT + M
Increase text size : CTRL + +
Decrease text size : CTRL + -
Options Menu* : ALT + O

Address book : CTRL + SHIFT + B

Change panel : F6

Message display panel : F8

Contact bar when 'Write' is launched : F9

Thunderbird, change color

Adjustment to be made with a mouse or the keyboard

A - Text color
1- Launch Thunderbird and start writing a new message.
Select the text to be colored
2 - Press ALT + M or go directly to the menu : Format
3 - Use Down Arrow to go to Text Color,
Tab until you hear : enter a color name
4 - and there, put #000000 for black, #FFFFFF for white, #FF0000 for red, etc
5 - Finally, tab to the button : OK

B - Background color
1- Launch Thunderbird and start writing a new message.
2 - Press ALT + M or go directly to the menu : Format
3 - Go down to the line : colors and background of the page.
4 - Press Alt + F to choose the background color
5 - Tabulate until you hear : enter a color name
and there put #000000 for black, #FFFFFF for white, #FF0000 for red, etc
6 - Tabulate finally to the button : OK.

♦ Reading Machine

What we call 'Reading Machine' is a set of devices that help to read mail in particular and texts in general. To view the pages below, use the traduction software : https://deepl.com

Various cases can be presented :

Messaging
Documents html, internet
Audio documents
Documents txt

Documents pdf-text
Documents image
Two machines in preparation

Messaging

Read email with Thunderbird

Internet, html documents

Read an article on the internet

Reading an html document is easy, that's why it can be interesting to modify a document to put it in html.

Transform an odt or doc or docx document into html

Audio documents

Read an audiobook

Texts documents

Reading a txt document is powerful. That's why it can be interesting to modify a document to txt.

Read a pdf-text document

Transform a pdf-text document into a .txt-document

Image documents

There are problems with image documents. This can happen in two ways :

1 - the photo of a page of text, resulting in a jpg or png document
2 - a scan of a page of text, which results in a pdf-image.

In both cases, you can't copy and paste, so you can't make a txt or html document. A special case : encrypted documents that can be read, that can be copied, but that give, when pasted, a nice collection of cabalistic signs. It is poetic but unusable.

Aciah-linux offers you two tools :

1 - read on the fly
2 - read and get the text

1 - Read on the fly

1 - go to the file, so it is selected.
2 - do not open the file, i.e. do not validate with enter.
3 - make a contextual menu or a right-click.
4 - then go down to the Scripts line, or just press the S key
5 - validate with Enter
6 - go down to : B-read-a-lot.
7 - validate with : Enter.

8 - you hear the text being read. If you hear two voices, hit the CTRL key once.
9 - be careful, if the text is long it can take a long time.

You can stop the reading by pressing : WIN + ALT + E but then you can't resume the reading.

10 - if you want to resume reading, do again : contextual menu, then S then Enter then B-read-on-the-fly and Enter.
11 - when playback is finished, you hear : playback finished.

It can be very practical to hear the reading of the text but you cannot copy this text. Hence the following script.

2 - read and get the text

1 - go to the file. Thus it is selected.
2 - do not open the file, i.e. do not validate with enter.
3 - make a contextual menu or a right-click.
4 - then go down to :the line : Scripts, or just hit the S key
5 - Validate with Enter
6 - go down on : A-read-and-get-text
7- validate with : Enter.

8 - you get a file in the original folder and in the Machine-a-Lire folder, with the same name as the original file and the extension .txt.
9 - the resulting file can be renamed, moved or deleted.
10 - the text of the .txt file can be read, copied and pasted, modified.

The manipulation is fast, the obtained text is of good quality, even for pages presented in columns.

Two machines in preparation

Two machines are in preparation.

One will be an application on ordiphone. It is the work of Digital4Better, in patronage of skills.

the other is being prepared by the Aciah team, with the support of the Orange Foundation. We are working on a Raspberry Pi. With the one we have, the software works, the camera works, the battery lasts at least two hours, we are adapting a speaker.
We will then have to make the box, putting the on-off buttons in it. But the pandemic multiplies the worries : shortage of some materials, difficulties of transport and deliveries, postponed appointments for illness or confinement. We are still making progress !

♦ Fiches 4-5 - Anglais - Caja file manager

Previous page - Next

Thunar or Caja ?
Caja - Discovery
Navigate with Caja in folders and files
Caja - the scripts menu
Caja, preferences
Caja, bars and zones
Caja, the windows
Caja : default launch
CAJA, the menu : Aller à, Go to
CAJA, the menu : Display, Affichage
Create a folder
Delete a folder or file
Caja - rename a folder or file
Caja - Trash - Wastebasket
Displaying Caja in a list

Caja, Thunar, Nautilus, Nemo file managers

Thunar or Caja ?
Thunar is very good for the visually impaired because it is less loaded with information.
Caja is better for blind people because it is vocalized. We recommend Caja

Thunar has some interesting 'personalized actions'.
https://aciah-linux.org/spip.php?article20#p
Caja can use personalized actions, thanks to the tool : scripts.

Nautilus and Nemo are other file managers. They allow a more advanced personalization of folders and files. This concerns the visually impaired.
Concretely : launch the Whisker menu and write : Nautilus, or Nemo
Interesting : there are folders or files that do not open with Thunar and that open with Nautilus.

List or icon display ? It depends on the visual field of the person, on his visual strategy. That's why Aciah-Linux gives the choice to its users.

Caja - Discovery

Launch Caja by pressing WIN + Apostrophe - Enlarge the window with : ALT + F10
We see, from top to bottom :

The title bar
The menu bar : File, Edit, View, Go to, Bookmarks, Help
the Main Toolbar .... inaccessible to blind people.
on the left the Side Panel, or shortcuts area, activate/deactivate with the F9 key
on the right the Location Bar above the folder area
and, at the bottom of the screen, the Status Bar

– You can create an additional panel with the F3 key.
– You can show the hidden files by pressing : CTRL + H
– Zooming is done with : CTRL + + or CTRL + -

– You can switch from the shortcuts area to the files area with F6
– move in these areas with Up Arrow or Down Arrow
– go back to the parent folder with : ALT + Up Arrow
– To rename a folder or a file : F2 key
– To search for a folder or a file : CTRL + F
– To exit Caja, press : ALT + F4 or CTRL + W

Folders and files : navigate with Caja

Press WIN + apostrophe to launch Caja . We hear : the name of your personal folder frame - and tree table.

You are in your personal folder, which can be called Peter, MaryJo, company, etc.

The window has two main areas : the shortcuts area and the file folders area. You can switch from one to the other with the F6 key. You can navigate in each area with the arrow keys.

When you are in the file folders area :

navigate in the area with the arrow keys
open a folder with Space or Enter
go up the tree with : ALT + Left Arrow
go back to the personal folder with : ALT + Home.

Close the windows by doing : ALT + F4 or CTRL + W

Caja : the Scripts menu

Caja does not have the custom actions of Thunar but they can be used anyway, thanks to the tool : scripts.

in Caja, select a file
open the contextual menu by pressing the MENU key on the keyboard or by pressing SHIFT + F10 or by pressing the asterisk key on the disabled numeric keypad
go down with the Down Arrow until you hear : scripts
Right-arrow once, then use the Down-arrow key to go down to the different scripts that are proposed.

For example :

read and get the text
read on the fly
read with Daisy Player or with VLC
compress a file, etc.

and validate with Enter

Caja, preferences

WIN + Apostrophe : launch Caja,
ALT + F10 : enlarge the window, (ALT + F5 to minimize it again)
or : ALT + space and then hit the x key
ALT + A : go to the display menu, to choose : icons, list or compact,
ALT + Up or Down Arrow : navigate in the list of folders and files,
ALT + F4 : close Caja (like CTRL + W),

F2 : rename a folder or a file,
F3 : create an additional panel,
F6 : toggle between the shortcuts area and the folders-files area,
F9 : open/close the side panel (shortcut area),

CTRL + Plus or Dash : enlarge or reduce the size of the text,
CTRL + H : show hidden files,
CTRL + F : search,
CTRL + W : close Caja.

Caja, bars and areas

at the top : the title bar
at the top, just below the title bar : the menu bar.
at the top, just below the menu bar : the tool bar.

top left : the shortcuts and bookmarks bar.
at the top, a little to the right : the location bar, below the toolbar.
bottom : the status bar.

on the left : the shortcuts and bookmarks area.

on the right : the folders and files area.

Switch from one area to another with the F6 key

Navigate in each zone with Up-Arrow or Down-Arrow

Caja, windows

Act on the windows

ALT+F4 : Close the window
ALT + Clic : Move the window
ALT + Right-Click : Resize the window
ALT + F10 : Maximize window
ALT + F5 : Minimize the window.

Right-click : Launch contextual menu

Customized actions, the scripts menu

Caja doesn't have Thunar's custom actions but you can still use them, thanks to the tool : scripts.

in Caja, select a file
open the contextual menu by pressing the MENU key on the keyboard or by pressing SHIFT + F10 - go down with the Down Arrow until you hear : scripts
press Right-Arrow once, then press Down-Arrow until you hear the scripts that are proposed there
A-lire-et-obtenir-le-texte
B-lire-a-la-volee
etc

Bookmarks :

we can make custom bookmarks in the left side panel.
1 - Go to a folder for example : Dropbox.
3 - Launch the Bookmarks menu, by pressing Alt + S and validating with Enter

Caja : the default launch

By default, the file manager, Thunar, opens with Aciah-Linux.

For blind people it is better to use Caja, better vocalized than Thunar.

Here is the procedure :
1 - Do : MAJ + Win + F1 to open the Whisker menu
2 - Write the word : applications. Then validate
3 - Validate with Enter ; You arrive at the default applications and you are on the tab : internet
4 - Make Alt + U once and you are on the tab : Utilities
5 - Tab once, you arrive at a combined box.
6 - With Arrow Up or Arrow Down make appear Caja
7 - Close with Alt + F4

You can recognize CAJA because in the menu bar there is the word : bookmarks.

CAJA , the menu : Go to

Launch CAJA with : WIN + Apostrophe - launch the menu 'Go to' with : ALT + L

ALT + L : launches the menu 'Go to' - then, with Down Arrow, we go down to Personal folder
Open the personal folder with Enter
Navigate with Arrow Down or Arrow Up

ALT + L goes back to the 'Go to' menu - then, with Down Arrow go down to My Computer
Open My Computer with Enter
This way we can open the other partitions in the computer.

ALT + L goes back to the 'Go to' menu - then, with Down Arrow we go down to Network
You can browse the network with Down Arrow or Up Arrow

ALT + L goes back to the menu 'Go to' - then, with Down Arrow, you go down to Search
Validate with Enter
Enter a word : report, letter, pdf, txt, or other and validate with Enter
Scroll through the list with Arrow Down or Arrow Up

ALT + L returns to the 'Go to' menu - then, with Down Arrow you can empty the history of the visited
of the visited locations.

CAJA , the menu : View

Launch CAJA with : WIN + Apostrophe - launch the 'View' menu with : ALT + A

ALT + A : launches the 'View' menu -then, with Down Arrow we go down to the Toolbar
You can check or uncheck this bar with Space
You can do the same with the other bars : Side panel
Location bar
Status bar
Additional panel

ALT + A goes back to the 'View' menu - Down Arrow goes down to Arrange Items
With Right-Arrow (once) and then Down-Arrow, you can choose to sort by name, by size, by type, by date of modification. Validate with Enter.

ALT + A returns to the 'View' menu - then, with Down Arrow, you go down to Zoom

ALT + A returns to the 'View' menu - then, with Down Arrow, go down and choose whether you want CAJA to present the folders and files as icons, lists or compact.
Validate with Enter.

Caja : create - delete

Create a folder :

1 - Launch Caja by doing : WIN + apostrophe .
2 - With Down Arrow, go down to the desired folder and validate with Enter.
3 - Click on the word : File or do : ALT + F and validate with Enter.
4 - With Down Arrow, go down to the 3rd line : Create a folder.
5 - Validate with Enter.
6 - You are asked for the name of the new folder.
Enter the name of the new folder and validate with Enter.
That's it, the folder is created.

Delete a folder or a file :

1 - Launch Caja by doing : WIN + apostrophe .
2 - With Down Arrow, go down to the folder or file to delete.
3 - Press the DELETE key on the keyboard.
4 - Then the deleted item is moved to the Trash.

5 - If you made a mistake, you can go to the Trash, right-click (or SHIFT + F10) on the item deleted by mistake, and choose : Restore

Caja - rename a folder or a file

1- Do : WIN + apostrophe to launch Caja.
2 - Go to the folder or file you want to rename. Do not validate !
3 - Right-click or SHIFT + F10 on this folder or file
a list of tasks is displayed.
4 - Go down with Down Arrow until you hear : Rename.
5 - Validate with Enter. Then the name of the folder or file is selected.
6 - Enter the new name
7 - Validate with Enter.
7 - The file is renamed, it is arranged among the other files in alphabetical order

ATTENTION :
avoid accented letters
Avoid spaces, replace them with a dash 6 or 8.

Caja - Trash - Wastebasket

A) Empty the recycle garbage can.
1 - Launch Caja with : WIN + apostrophe
then press : ALT + L to reach the menu : Go to.
2 - With Down Arrow go to : Trash. Validate with Enter.
3 - With SHIFT + F10, a list of tasks is displayed.
4 - Use Down Arrow to go to : Empty Trash. Validate with Enter.
5 - A warning is displayed. Scroll down until you hear : Cancel or Empty Trash.
6 - Validate with Enter.
B) Restore or delete a file from the Recycle Bin
1 - Launch Caja with : WIN + apostrophe
then do : ALT + L to reach the menu : Go to.
2 - With Down Arrow go to : Trash. Validate with Enter.
3 - With Down Arrow go down to the name of a folder or a file. Do not validate !
4 - With SHIFT + F10, a list of tasks is displayed.
5 - With Down Arrow go down until you hear : Delete permanently or Restore.
If you restore, the document returns to its original place.
6 - Validate with Enter.

Displaying Caja in a list

For a blind person, the list display is preferable. The Caja manager is well suited for this. Here is how to put it in a list :
1 - launch Caja by doing : Win + apostrophe
2 - press : Alt + D to go to the menu : Edit
3 - a dialog box opens : 'preferences of the manager of the files' comprising seven tabs.
We are on the tab 'view'.
4 - Tab once, to hear : to post the new files by using.
5- We are then in a combined box that we develop with Space.
With the vertical arrows, you choose the desired display, here 'in list'.
and validate the choice with Enter
6- Close with : ALT + F4

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♦ Fiche 19 - Anglais

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Search in the computer
Search on the Aciah-Linux website
Searching for a website
Search in a web page
Search for links on a website
Search in a Libre Office document
Search in a Mousepad document
Search in a html file
Search in a pdf file
Search in the mailbox
Search in the alphabetical list of the site

Search in the computer

1 - Launch the Whisker menu by doing : SHIFT + WIN + F1. You will hear : menu-Whisker.
2 - Type the word : search.
3 - Validate with Enter, you arrive at the input zone.
4 - Type the word you are looking for and validate with Enter
5 - Type the word : table. You hear : table with x lines and four columns.

Search on the Aciah-Linux website

To search on the Aciah-Linux website, when it is launched, and Orca is active, just do :

Insert + A to check that you are in navigation mode.
and hit the E key. You will then find yourself in the input area of the search engine.
Do again Insert + A to come in focus mode, and write the word you are looking for. Validate with Enter .
When the results page is displayed, you can browse by hitting the H key or the K key.

Searching for a website

When Firefox is launched, automatic line feed
Do : CTRL + KR Automatic line feed
and you are in the search engine input box.

Search in a web page

When a web page is opened, Automatic line feed
1 - make CTRL + F and type the word searched.
2 - hit the Enter key and you will arrive at the first word found.
3 - We find the next word with the F3 key and the previous word with Shift + F3.

Search for links on a website

When Firefox is launched, and a web page is opened, and Orca is launched, Automatic line feed
do : SHIFT + ALT + K and you will arrive on a list of links that you can browse with Arrow-down or Arrow-up.

Search in a Libre Office document

When the document is open : Automatic line feed
1 - press CTRL + F and type the word you are looking for.
2 - Hit the Enter key and you will arrive at the first word found.
3 - We find the next word with F3 and the previous word with Shift + F3.

Search in a Mousepad document

When the document is open : Automatic line feed
1 - Do CTRL + F and type the word you are looking for.
2 - Hit the Enter key and you will reach the first word found.
3 - We find the next word with F3 and the previous word with SHIFT + F3.

Search in a html file

When the document is opened :Automatic line feed
1 - do F3 and type the word you are looking for.automatic line feed
2 - you get to the first word found.automatic line feed
3 - Find the next word with F3.automatic line feed
4 - you find the previous word with SHIFT + F3 .

Search in a pdf file

This search can be done only if it is a pdf-text document and not a pdf-image. Automatic line return
Then there are two cases to consider, depending on whether the pdf document is opened with the Atril viewer or with the Evince viewer.

If the pdf-text document is opened with Atril :
do CTRL + F to go to the search input field.
write the word you are looking for, validate with Enter.
find the next occurrence with CTRL + G.
find the previous occurrence withMAJ + CTRL + G.

If the pdf-text document is opened with Evince :
do CTRL + F to go to the search input zone.
write the word you are looking for, validate with Enter.
find the next occurrence with CTRL + Down arrow.
the previous occurrence is found with CTRL + Arrow Up.

Search in the mailbox

When the mail program is open : Manual line return
– Do CTRL + K for a global search : sender, recipient, message. Manual line return
– Press CTRL + F to search when a message is open. Manual line return
– Press CTRL + G to search for the next occurrence. Manual line feed
– Press CTRL + SHIFT + F to search, in a more targeted way, in the mail.

Search in the alphabetical list of the site

When the alphabetical index is open : Automatic line feed
For people who can use a mouse, here is a procedure : Automatic line feed
To find a word in this list, first do : CTRL+ F. Write the word you are looking for. Validate withEnterAuto line feed
To find the next occurrence, press F3 . Automatic line feed
To find the previous occurrence, press : Shift + F3.automatic line feed
Then click on the link corresponding to the search. And do ALT + Left Arrow to go back if necessary.

For people navigating only with the keyboard, here is a procedure : Automatic line feed
1 - Press CTRL + F and enter the word you are looking for. Do not validate. Automatic line feed
2 - Press F3 repeatedly until you hear the link corresponding to what you are looking for.
2 - When you have found the link, press Esc to exit the search mode.
3 - Validate with Enter. Then the link is opened.
4 - You can go back with ALT + Left Arrow.
6 - We hit thenF3 repeatedly to find the link which interests us. And we open this link with Enter.

6 - Navigate in the list with Arrow-Down or Arrow-Up.
7 - Validate with Enter when you have found what you are looking for.

Note : In the input field, you can put :
- either a word : status, letter, report, etc.
- or a wildcard, with a dot in front, for example
.jpg if you are looking for all images in jpg
.png if you are looking for all images in png
.pps if you are looking for a slideshow in pps etc.

You can narrow down the search further by pressing the F9 key.

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♦ Fiches 2-3 - Anglais

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Start - stop Aciah Linux
Display of files, in list
Computer search engine
Screenshot of the screen
Favorite applications
The keyboard in learning mode
Internet connection
Caja, Thunar, file managers
Caja
Thunar

Launching - stopping Aciah-Linux

First of all, take a good look at your computer. When it starts, is there any indication, for example F2, F8, F12 or other, to choose the boot method ? There is often the word "boot" in this case.

If this indication is not present, you have to modify the BIOS so that the computer boots on the key. If you don't know how to do it, ask your friends who know how to do it, or at : equipe-advl@laposte.net.

1 - Your computer must be stopped.
2 - Insert the Aciah-Linux key
3 - Make sure that the computer starts on the key, it is essential.
4 - The Aciah-Linux window appears

5 - By default the identifier is Aciah
If you have another one, you must choose yours.
6 - Type the password : you can only see bullets.
7 - Validate with the key : Enter.

To close Aciah-Linux, do : WIN + Q or CTRL + SHIFT + Delete

Displaying files in a list

To make navigation easier, it is important to present your personal folder as a list. Here is how to do it :

We recommend that you adopt Caja as your file manager because it is the best vocalized.

Start Caja by doing : Win + apostrophe
Press : Alt + E to go to the Edit menu,
then press P to go to Preferences.
Confirm with ENTER.
You will find yourself in a window with 7 tabs, you are on the VIEW tab

Tab once and in the combo box choose : List view.

Caja-file-manager

Close with Alt + F4

Computer search engine

1 - Launch the Whisker menu by doing : MAJ + WIN + F1. You will hear : menu-Whisker.
2 - Type the word : recherche.
3 - Validate with Enter, you arrive at the entry zone of the Cat-fish software
4 - Type the word you are looking for and do not validate.
5 - Tab twice and hit the space bar. This opens a drop-down list that allows you to choose, with Down Arrow, the folder in which you are looking. Validate.
6 - Tab again and validate. A list of answers is displayed.
7 - Navigate in the list with Arrow Down or Arrow Up.
8 - Validate with Enter when you have found what you are looking for.

Note : In the input field, you can put :
either a word : status, letter, report, etc.
or a wildcard, for example
.jpg if you are looking for all images in jpg
.png if you are looking for all the images in png
.pps if you are looking for a slideshow in pps etc.

Close with : Alt + F4

Screen capture

This is to take a picture of the computer screen.
1 - Do MAJ + WIN + F1. You hear : Menu Whisker.
2 - Write the word : capture.
3 - Validate with Alt + V.
4 - A window opens. With Up or Down Arrow, choose : all the screen,
5 - Validate with Alt + V.

capture-2

6 - A window opens. With Arrow Up or Down, choose to save it.
7 - Confirm with Alt + V.

8 - You are asked to save the image on the desktop.
Don't forget to give this image a name, for example : capture-1.png,
The indication .png is important.

7 - Validate with Enter.

Now the image is on the desktop, you can put it in another folder.

Favorite applications

It is important to set your favorite applications. You only have to do it once.

Do : SHIFT + WIN + F1, you hear : Whisker menu
Write the word : applications, and validate. You arrive at the default applications.
There are two tabs : internet and utilities. You pass from one to the other with Arrow-Right or Arrow-Left.

You arrive at the tab : internet.
For the browser, take Mozilla Firefox.
For the mail client, take Thunderbird.

With the tab : utilities, and the TABulation key, check that you hear two things : File Manager and Terminal Emulator.
For the file manager, take CAJA file manager.
and for the terminal emulator, take Terminal Xfce.

Close everything with : ALT + F4.

The keyboard, learning mode :

To get to know the keys of the keyboard better, you can put ORCA in learning mode. To do this, first launch Orca by doing CTRL + SHIFT + O. Then do : INSERT + H . To deactivate the learning mode, press : ESCAPE .

This is particularly useful to know the functions of the disabled numeric keypad.

You can also launch the Terminal with WIN + T and type letters or words. If the screen reader is launched, all the letters and words will be heard.

Numerical keypad disabled :

With the numeric keypad disabled, you can use :

the Plus key to read text with ORCA
the keys 1 - 2 - 4 - 6 - 7 - 8 as direction keys,
key 9 for fast up,
key 3 for fast down,
the slash key to simulate a left click, or to make a double click,
the Asterisk key to simulate a right click,

Connecting to the Internet

The best way to connect to the Internet is to use the Ethernet cable : the speed is more stable. Simply plugging in the cable provides the connection.

The WIFI connection is less stable, it sometimes offers only 30% of the speed, or even less. It is only possible if your computer is equipped with a WIFI card.

1 - Find the name of your box, for example : Livebox 45JK7
2 - Copy the security key (for Orange) - or the Network Key (for Free) or follow the instructions of your access provider.
3 - Launch the network connection menu by doing : CTRL + 9 of the activated numeric keypad.
4 - With Down Arrow go down until you hear the name of your box, if at least the screen reader is active.
5 - Hit the Enter key on the keyboard
6 - You are now in an entry zone where you can copy the security key of the box or the box security key or the network key.
7 - Tab until you hear : connect.
8 - Validate with the Enter key of the keyboard.

If the WIFI connection is insufficient, you can improve it by using the PLC technique (Power Line Communication) or a Wifi repeater. Or a Wifi key compatible with Linux.

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♦ Fiches 6-7 - Anglais

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Firefox, change color
Firefox, the main shortcuts
Firefox, phone book, Create a bookmark
Firefox phone book, Search for a number
Firefox + Orca, structured navigation
Firefox, internet research
Firefox, locate links
Firefox, go to Youtube

Firefox, change color

This requires the use of the mouse.

1) launch Firefox in the usual way
2) press : ALT + N to go to the menu : Edit. You hear : Edit-Menu.
3) with Down Arrow, go down to hear : Preferences.
4) validate with : Enter.
5) you are in the zone : 'Search in the parameters'.
6) write the word : colors, to go to : fonts and colors,
7) Tabulate to go to the button : colors
7) at the end of the line : Text, make a right click to choose the color.
8) at the end of : background : right click to choose the color.
9) choose also the color of the visited or not visited links.
10) check or uncheck the line : underline the links.
11) important, in the next line, it is written :
Override the colors specified by the page with those chosen above,
Then choose : Always, if you want Firefox to always keep these colors.
12) Confirm with : Enter. and exit Firefox by pressing : ALT + F4.

Shortcuts for Firefox

When Firefox is launched :
CTRL + T : create a new tab.
ALT + D : go to the address bar,
(you can also do F6 and then space bar)
ALT + M : go to the Bookmark menu,
CTRL + K : go to the search bar,
CTRL + F : search in the page.

CTRL + ALT + R : go to reading mode
then press the PLUS key on the disabled numeric keypad
ALT + Left Arrow : go back one page

CTRL + W : close the last tab.
CTRL + TAB : jump from one tab to another.
ALT + F4 : close Firefox.

Firefox, phone book, Create a bookmark

If you often go to the phone book, the easiest way is to create a bookmark. Launch Firefox. You hear : Mozilla Firefox, loading in progress, finished.
Press CTRL + D to go to the address bar, creating a new tab.
Type the address : http://pagesjaunes.fr/pagesblanches .
Hit the ENTER key on your keyboard.
Then the home page of the site opens. You hear : please wait.
Press ALT + M, you hear : bookmark menu.
Scroll down with the Down Arrow to the line : mark this page.
Hit the ENTER key on the keyboard.

Easier : we have created a handy link for you to place in your bookmarks.

Firefox phone book, Search for a number

You want to get the phone number of a person.
For example the address of Mr. EXTREME in Toulouse.

Launch Firefox and press ALT + M to go to the bookmarks.
Use the Down Arrow key to go down until you hear : white pages.
To validate, hit the ENTER key on the keyboard.

You will hear a whole description ending with "navigation mode".
Tab once, you hear : form field, who ?
Marie Durand. Marie Durand is just an example -
Enter the name you are looking for, here : EXTREME
Tab a second time, you hear : where ? input field.
Enter the city.
Tab twice until you hear : send-button-find.
And hit the ENTER key on the keyboard.
A list of results appears.

To navigate through this list, press the H key repeatedly. When you have found the person you are looking for, use the down arrow to find the address and phone number

Firefox + Orca - structured navigation

First check : INSERT + A and INSERT + Z to see if you are in focus mode or in navigation mode

Letters are always used in the same way :

letter : next element
SHIFT + letter : previous element
ALT + SHIFT + letter : list of elements

For example :
H : next title
SHIFT + H : previous title
ALT + SHIFT + H : list of titles

Letters :

H : titles (headers)
E : forms, editing
K : hypertext links
L : lists
P : paragraphs
B : buttons
Q : quotes
C : drop-down lists
R : radio button
X : checkboxes
O : important objects
M : markers
S : separators
A : clickable elements
G : image elements
T : tables

Firefox, Internet search

– Launch Firefox, and do : CTRL + T to open a new tab.
– Type the word you want, for example Linux.
– Do ENTER with the keyboard. You hear : document frame, navigation mode.
– You find yourself with a whole list of sites.
If the computer asks you to deactivate the Google instant search, accept by hitting the ENTER key on the keyboard.

– Press SHIFT + ALT + H, ORCA announces the number of links found.
– Scroll down with the H3 key on the main pad to reach the level 3 links.
– When you have found the right one, press the ENTER key on the keyboard twice.
– Reading the content of the site, more or less easy, depends on the design of the site.

If you are lost, return to the starting point with : ALT + Home .
To close Firefox, press : ALT + F4.

Firefox, find the links

it's about quickly finding all the links on a page
and to read easily.

1 - Open Firefox and go to a page,
for example that of framasoft.
2 - Tab once and do : SHIFT + ALT + K .
then a window will open listing all
the links of the page.
3 - Navigate in this list with Arrow-Down or
Up Arrow. Orca reads all the lines.
4 - When you have found the line you want, press Enter to select it
and Enter again to open it.
5 - You can simplify the presentation by doing : CTRL + ALT + R to text the page
6 - You can then read the text
or have it read by ORCA.
You can also do : SHIFT + ALT + K to find the links included in the text.

Firefox, go to Youtube

First, mute the ORCA voice by hitting the CTRL key

Make a bookmark for Youtube.

Launch Firefox
Do : ALT + D to reach the address bar and type the text : youtube.com
Validate with Enter then do : CTRL + D then Youtube is placed in the Bookmarks.

Go look for a singer on Youtube, for example Brassens.

Launch Firefox
Do : ALT + M to reach the bookmarks and go down to Youtube.
Validate with Enter and type the word : yt Brassens. Validate with Enter.
Do : SHIFT + ALT + K to list all the links on the page.
Browse this list with Arrow-Down or Arrow-Up.
When you have found the line you want, press Enter to select it.
and again Enter to open it. The music starts.

Sound adjustment : with WIN + Up Arrow repeatedly to increase the volume,
or WIN + Arrow-Down repeatedly to decrease the volume

CTRL + Down Arrow repeatedly to go back to the beginning of the song, or F5
CTRL + Up Arrow repeatedly to advance in the song.

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